cad-agent.References · Sheet metal in the catalogue · Markdown · JSON
References · Manufacturing
Sheet metal
89 records: 59 read sources that cad-agent's rules and checks may cite, and 30 records catalogued from the Reference Map, not yet read. Bent metal parts.
Catalogued records are search snippets: their numbers are the authors' claims and their licences are as the map states them, unread. Cite one only after reading the source and promoting it (how).
Coverage
What cad-agent checked for these topics when the map was made, and the gap it found. The issue it drafted for each gap was never posted.
ImplementedSheet metal: flange, bend radius, hole-to-edge/bend, relief, K-factor
Gap: bend() takes only 5052, mild steel, G90, 304 and 316, though the profile's SendCutSend table has 6061-T6 rows (profile:5099 onward) and a note on grain; no hem, jog or louver rules; bend-to-bend spacing not checked.
ImplementedPEM/self-clinching edge distance and hole size
Gap: Cited subset of parts; PEM blind types B/BS and standoff families not covered; SendCutSend 0.23-0.31 in catalog edge distance not mapped; rivets in mechanical/rivets.py.
Records
89 records
| Record | Kind | Evidence | Confidence | Licence | Process | Role |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A Guide to PEM Hardware Inserts in Sheet MetalSendCutSend · 2024 Blog guide to PEM hardware inserts in sheet metal; title only seen in results. Read: 2026-11-01: opened the post (2024-09-26, no byline). Read the sheet families (aluminium except 2024, mild steel, G90, 304, 316), the side to install a nut on, and the worked example: 1/4-20 nut in 0.063 in 5052, centre to edge 0.340, centr… | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| Bending Deformation GuidelinesSendCutSend · 2026 Guideline page on avoiding deformation of features near bends; title only seen. Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2023-04-25, modified 2026-09-29). Read tapered flanges, the unsupported-bend relief example (0.187 in 5052: R 0.250 + 0.020 in), the half-length rule for 0.250 in stock, and the die-width rule: cut fe… | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Design tips for sheet metal: Bend relief, small holes, hole distortion near bends, and minimum flange widthsThe FABRICATOR (FMA Communications) · 2001 Title covers bend relief, small holes, hole distortion near bends and minimum flange width; no text seen. Read: 2026-10-31: the live page is behind a bot check, so read the Internet Archive copy of 2017-12-01 (https://web.archive.org/web/20171201015017/http://www.thefabricator.com:80/article/bending/design-tips-for-sheet-metal-bend-relief-small-hole… | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Designing Sheet Metal Parts With Tab and SlotsSendCutSend · 2023 Tab and slot design for self-fixturing sheet metal; related post warns thin material flexes and powder coat tightens fits. Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page (published 2023-01-16, no byline). Read the slot width and height formulas, the powder-coat allowance and the tab-length rule. | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| FreeCAD SheetMetal WorkbenchFreeCAD community (github.com/shaise) FreeCAD sheet metal workbench: bends and unfolding to flat pattern. Read: 2026-10-31: gh api (LGPL-2.1, pushed 2026-10-17, 350 stars, not archived). Read the README developer credits, test case and material-definition table (R/T 1 -> 0.38, 3 -> 0.43, 99 -> 0.5, ANSI), the changelog (relicensed GPL-3 to LGPL-2 on… | Guide | read | low 0.4 | not read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Hardware Installation Design GuidelinesPCBWay PCBWay on installing hardware in sheet metal: hole centre at least 1.5 hole diameters from an edge, and from a bend tangent at least R + t plus a margin (2t + R + 3 mm). Read: 2026-11-04: opened the article; read the edge (C >= 1.5 Dh) and bend clearance rules. conflicting Hole centre to bend tangent at least R + t + a margin, or 2t + R + 3 mm | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| How to Design Bend Reliefs & Corner Reliefs for Sheet Metal PartsSendCutSend · 2024 Guide to bend reliefs in sheet metal; only title seen in results. Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page (2024-01-18, no byline). Read relief width (>= T/2), relief depth (>= T + R + 0.02 in, from the bend line), and the 0.015 in minimum corner gap. For research/process-profiles.yaml: opened the article (published … | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| How to Save Time with Locating Features for WeldmentsSendCutSend Tabs and slots that locate laser-cut weldment parts without fixtures: each slot as wide as the plate thickness, the tab short of the far face where it must not show. Read: 2026-11-04: opened the article; read it whole: a five-part 3/8 in steel weldment located by tabs and slots, each slot as wide as the plate. | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| Self-clinching nuts bulletin CL (PEM, hosted copy)PennEngineering PEM (hosted copy) PEM's self-clinching nut bulletin: nut types, the sheet hardness each takes (CLA aluminium nuts: HRB 50 / HB 82 or less) and the mounting-hole tables (+.003/-.000 in). Read: 2026-11-04: opened the bulletin PDF on the third-party host the record links; read the nut types, the sheet hardness limits and the hole tables. Not compared with pemnet.com's copy (it answers scripts with a bot check). unconfirmed CLA aluminium nuts for steel or aluminium sheet HRB 50 / HB 82 or less; hole +.003/-.000 in | Guide | readAuthors' claim: numbers stated, not measured | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| Sheet Metal Tolerances (one-pager)Protolabs · 2023 One-page PDF of sheet metal tolerances; contents not shown. Read: 2026-11-01: opened the PDF (© 2023). Read the hole (±0.005 in) and hardware hole (+0.003/-0 in) tolerances, the one-surface table (feature to feature ±0.005 in, to hardware ±0.010 in, hardware to hardware ±0.015 in) and the bend table (ben… | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Tabs and Slots for Sheet Metal Part DesignFictiv · 2025 Tab and slot joint self-locates, no jigs; pairs with welding, rivets or bolts for retention. Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page (byline David Willson, 2025-11-20). Read tab width and length, slot clearance by process, corner radii, edge distance, tab spacing, distance from the bend tangent and kerf width. | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| Welded Sheet Metal Parts Design GuidelinesPCBWay PCBWay on welded sheet-metal parts: weld types, bend before welding, tabs 3-5 times the thickness with 0.1-0.15 mm clearance per side (0.05-0.1 mm per side for powder coat). Read: 2026-11-04: opened the article; read the weld types, the bending-first rule and the tab-and-slot and coating allowances. unconfirmed Tab width 3 to 5 x the sheet thickness, 0.1-0.15 mm clearance per side; 0.05-0.1 mm per side for powder coat | Guide | read | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| AC 43.13-1B with Change 1: Acceptable Methods, Techniques, and Practices - Aircraft Inspection and RepairUS Federal Aviation Administration · 1998 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the 646-page PDF (issued 1998-09-08, Change 1 2001-09-27; the status page says active). Read 4-57c (single row: edge distance at least 2D, pitch at least 3D; D about three times the thicker sheet), Fig 4-5 (double and tr… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Anodizing, Plating and Powder Coating services (finishing guidelines)SendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the powder-coating page (published 2021-12-08, modified 2026-09-29), the anodising page (https://sendcutsend.com/services/anodizing/, modified 2026-10-19) and the plating page (https://sendcutsend.com/services/plating/, … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| ASTM B209/B209M-21 Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and PlateASTM International · 2021 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the ASTM store page: active, updated 2022-01-12; read scope 1.1. Contents not read. | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| build123d sheet metal (BuildSheet, unfold; dev branch)build123d project (github.com/gumyr) Read: 2026-10-31: gh api (Apache-2.0, default branch dev, pushed 2026-10-30, latest release v0.13.0 of 2026-09-21). Listed the dev tree (build_sheet.py, operations_sheet.py, sheet_utils.py, docs/sheet_metal/*) and read build_sheet.py: BuildSheet… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| CL Self-Clinching Nuts (Bulletin CL)PennEngineering (PEM) · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the PDF (© 2026, back page dated 10/13/26), text and the table pages rendered. Read CL-4 and CL-5 (S, SS, CLS, CLSS, SP dimensions by shank code: minimum sheet, hole +0.08 mm / +0.003 in, edge distance), CL-9 (materials,… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Countersink Design Best PracticesSendCutSend · 2022 Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page (2022-12-05, no byline). Read the example edge distance (0.781 in on 5052) and the bend rule (half the die width from the bend centre). | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Design & Manufacturing Guides (resources index and component pages)Protocase Read: 2026-11-01: opened the guides index and, to confirm each title, the bend radii, bend types, tolerances, self-clinching fasteners (PEM brand) and component pages and the cut-out library. Their rules were not read. The 31-page sheet-metal de… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Design for Manufacturing design review checklistBoothroyd Dewhurst, Inc. Read: 2026-10-31: opened the 2-page PDF. Read the sheet-metal items: bend radii at least the thickness; hole to edge at least 2x thickness; hole to bend at least 2x thickness plus the bend radius; minimum flange length met; bend sequence feasibl… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Design Guidelines for Sheet Metal FabricationProtolabs Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page. Read the thickness range, the tolerance tables (one surface and across bends), bend angle tolerance (+/-1 deg), standard bend radii, minimum flange 4T, features within 4T of a bend at risk, hems (inside diamete… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| DIN 6935:2011-10 Kaltbiegen von Flacherzeugnissen aus Stahl (Cold bending of flat rolled steel)DIN (sold by DIN Media) · 2011 Read: 2026-10-31: opened the DIN Media store page; read the number, edition 2011-10, both titles, status current, 13 pages. Content not read. | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| F PEMSERT Self-Clinching Flush Nuts (Bulletin F)PennEngineering (PEM) · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the PDF (© 2026, back page dated 10/19/26). Read F-3 (sheet from 1.5 mm / 0.060 in; shank codes by thickness, hole and edge distance), F-4 (materials) and F-6 (push-out and torque). The metric F4 table prints inch thread… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| FH Self-Clinching Studs and Pins (Bulletin FH)PennEngineering (PEM) · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the PDF (© 2026, back page dated 10/19/26). Read FH-5 (FH, FHS, FHA dimensions: minimum sheet, hole, head, edge distance), FH-17 (materials and sheet hardness), FH-29 (FH and FHS push-out, torque-out, pull-through and nu… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Hardware CatalogSendCutSend · 2025 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2022-10-20, modified 2025-05-19) and its 159 spec blocks: SKU, thread, hole H, sheet range, fastener material, K/N, M, panel material, height above the sheet and the ranges per sheet family. The page … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| How to Avoid Galvanic Corrosion on Your Laser Cut PartsSendCutSend · 2025 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the post (2025-01-14). Read its qualitative series (magnesium to graphite) and fixes: compatible metals, isolation, non-conductive coatings, sacrificial zinc. | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| HVAC Duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible, 4th editionSMACNA (sold by ICC) · 2020 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the ICC listing; read the title, edition and what changed in it. No seam or rivet numbers. Contents not read. | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| ISO 2768-1:1989 General tolerances - Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual tolerance indicationsISO · 1989 Read: 2026-10-31: iso.org was bot-blocked; opened the Estonian Centre for Standardisation store page. Read the title and the scope, which covers parts made by metal removal or formed from sheet metal. Content not read. 2026-10-31: iso.org blocks… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| K-Factor - 2022 - SOLIDWORKS Design HelpDassault Systemes SolidWorks Corporation · 2022 Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page; read BA = pi(R + KT) A/180 with K = t/T, t measured from the inside face to the neutral sheet. For research/process-profiles.yaml: the live page renders with script only, so read the Internet Archive copy of 20… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Laser Cutting Online Quotes & PricingSendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2022-04-04, modified 2026-10-29). Read no minimum quantity, volume discounts up to 80 %, free US shipping from $39, the price drivers, and the example prices at quantity 1, 100 and 1000. Also opened t… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Manufacturing Reference for Sheet Metal ProductsCentury Tywood (fabricator, Holliston, MA) Read: 2026-10-31: opened the 13-page PDF (a third-party copy). Read grain direction, minimum flange 3.5 x (T + R), bend relief T + R, punched hole to bend 1.5 x (T + R), minimum hole = T, and hole-to-edge and hole spacing rules. For research/pro… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Manufacturing StandardsXometry, Inc. Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page. Read the sheet-metal default tolerances (edge to bend, across bend, bend to hole, overall, bend angle +/-1 deg, multiple formed surfaces, cut features) and that hems, curls and welded assemblies need a manual q… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Metal Bending Design RulesOSH Cut Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page. Its only number is a gauging edge at least 0.25 in long for small parts. | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Online Countersinking Services (countersink guidelines)SendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2022-09-01, modified 2026-09-28). Read the materials (aluminium and plastics, 0.125 in and up; no steel or stainless), depth at most 60 % of T, 82° inch and 90° metric, the ±0.015 in accuracy and the … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Online Dimple Forming Services (dimple guidelines)SendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2023-10-24, modified 2026-09-29). Read the materials (0.025–0.125 in), the dimple sizes (0.5–3 in), edge distance and spacing by size (centre to bend = D + BA/2), and the process order (before bending… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Online Hardware Installation Service (hardware guidelines)SendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2022-10-15, modified 2026-07-02), its guidelines section. Read the materials and ranges (5052, 6061, 7075, G90, mild steel, 304, 316), part size (1 x 1.5 in to 36 x 46 in), hole resizing to H (+0.003/… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| open-mrp/dfm, a deterministic DFM engine for laser cutting and bendingopen-mrp (github.com/open-mrp) · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: gh api (Apache-2.0, created 2026-10-10, v0.52.0, pushed 2026-10-13, 1 star) and a read-only shallow clone, nothing run. Read the README, the check codes (hole operation too close to an edge or a bend, flange too short, missing … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| PEM self-clinching nuts types S, SS, CLS, CLSS, SP: catalogue pages CLS-M3-1 and SP-M3-1PennEngineering (PEM) Read: 2026-10-31: opened the CLS-M3-1 and SP-M3-1 pages. Read minimum sheet thickness 1.00 mm, hole in sheet 4.22 +0.08 mm, minimum hole centreline to edge 4.8 mm, and the sheet hardness limits (CLS, 300-series stainless: HRB 70 / HB 125 or less… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Predicting the inside radius when bending with the press brakeThe FABRICATOR (FMA Communications) · 2015 Read: 2026-10-31: the live page is behind a bot check, so read the Internet Archive copy of 2025-08-25. Byline Steve Benson, 2015-08-12. Read the "20 percent rule" (air-formed inside radius as a share of the die opening: 20-22 % stainless, about… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Resources (sheet metal design charts)Approved Sheet Metal · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the resources page. It lists a hardware hole-size chart, a hardware reference chart, a forming tolerance chart and a DFM eBook as downloads, which were not opened. Its design page (https://www.approvedsheetmetal.com/shee… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| SendCutSend engineering specifications (sendcutsend-specs.json, schema 1.0)SendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-10-31: downloaded the JSON (_meta.generated_at 2026-04-29, 178 materials; 57 with bending_specs). Read per SKU: thickness, bend_radius, k_factor, bend_deduction, die_width, min flange before and after bend, bend_relief_depth, corner r… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| SendCutSend ordering catalogue (sendcutsend-catalog.json, schema 1.0)SendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: downloaded the JSON (_meta.generated_at 2026-04-29T20:52:33Z, 178 materials, 151 hardware items, 25 finishes). Read per material SKU: name, thickness, cutting process, part-size limits and available_services; per hardware SKU: … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| SendCutSend ordering guide (sendcutsend-ordering-guide.md)SendCutSend Read: 2026-10-31: read the file. Bend radius is set by the tooling and is not adjustable; maximum bend angle typically 120-130 deg (no full 180 deg hem); bend angle tolerance +/-1 deg up to 24 in, +/-2 deg over; tab-slot tolerance about 0.010 in… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Sheet Cutting GuidelinesSendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2026-06-16, modified 2026-09-29) and the sheet-cutting service page (modified 2026-09-29). Read file rules, the smallest hole by process (laser 50 % of T, waterjet 0.070 in, router 0.125 in), internal… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Sheet Metal (Onshape Help)PTC Onshape Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page; read the bend calculation options and the defaults (bend K Factor 0.45, rolled K Factor 0.5). | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Sheet Metal Bending CalculatorSendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2020-09-23, modified 2026-01-08). Read its formulas (K = t/T, BA = π(R + K·T)·A/180, BD = 2·OSSB − BA) and the worked example (0.119 in mild steel, BD 0.194 in; the page prints two flat lengths, 17.61… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Sheet Metal Bending Services (bending guidelines)SendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2021-06-22, modified 2026-10-20), its guidelines section. Read the materials and ranges (10 materials, 0.030–0.250 in), part size (0.375 x 1.5 in to 30 x 44 in), bend length 16–44 in, largest angle 13… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Sheet metal fabrication: The manufacturing & design guideProtolabs Network (formerly Hubs) Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page and its raw HTML. Read the K-factor definition and chart (air bending, bottoming and coining; soft, medium and hard materials; three R/T bands), the laser corner fillet (T/2), kerf (laser about 0.3 mm, waterjet … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Sheet Metal Tapping Services (tapping guidelines)SendCutSend · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the page (published 2021-07-08, modified 2026-09-28). Read thinnest tapped sheet 0.059 in, the materials, the spacing rule (tap hole / 2 + the stock's min tap hole-to-edge), half the die width from a bend, and the tap-ho… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| SO Self-Clinching Standoffs (Bulletin SO)PennEngineering (PEM) · 2026 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the PDF (© 2026, back page dated 6/12/26). Read SO-3 and SO-4 (SO and BSO dimensions: minimum sheet, hole, edge distance), SO-9 (materials and sheet hardness) and SO-12 (push-out, torque-out, pull-through and the most sc… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Stainless Steel 304 #1 Finish (material details)OSH Cut Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page. Read kerf 0.006 in at every thickness, minimum and recommended hole sizes, channel and wall minimums, and the K-factor note (about 0.4 for soft metals such as aluminium, about 0.45 for steel and stainless). | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Tech Sheet PEM REF/ C/L to Edge: Minimum distance hole C/L to edgePennEngineering (PEM) · 2019 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the 1-page sheet (April 2019). Read the definition of the minimum C/L-to-edge distance, that catalogue performance no longer holds near more than one edge or once it is violated, and the bend rules: punch after bending, … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Tech Sheet PEM REF/ Choosing a fastener finish: metal fasteners in contact with metal panelsPennEngineering (PEM) · 2019 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the 3-page sheet (July 2019). Read Table I and sections B (300-series stainless in aluminium: a large galvanic potential), M (aluminium fastener and panel anodised together), N (assemblies plated after installing) and O … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Tech Sheet PEM REF/ Fasteners for use in stainless steel sheetsPennEngineering (PEM) · 2019 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the 7-page sheet (July 2019). Read Table 1 (stainless sheet by UNS number in three groups, HRB 88, 90 and 92 maximum per ASTM A240, and the PEM parts rated for each; 304 is in the HRB 92 group) and p. 4 (why the punch si… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Tech Sheet PEM REF/ Surface finishing sheet metal assembliesPennEngineering (PEM) · 2019 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the 10-page sheet (July 2019). Read that powder coat applied before installing stops the displacer clinching, and that hard-coat anodise, nitriding, brittle electroless nickel and thick hot-dip galvanising cause problems. | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| text-to-cadThompson Labs LLC (github.com/earthtojake) · 2026 Read: 2026-10-31: gh api (MIT, pushed 2026-10-31); LICENSE copyright "2026 Thompson Labs LLC"; read the vendored skills/dfm/references/sheet-metal.md and skills/sendcutsend/references/official-sources.md. | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| The Self Clinching Fastener HandbookPennEngineering (PEM) · 2025 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the 20-page PDF (© 2025, created 2025-11-14) through pdftotext. Read HB-4 (the sheet softer than the fastener, about 20 points of Rockwell B), HB-5 (general push-out and torque-out for -1 shank nuts; push-out about 5–10 … | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| Tips for Making Sheet-Metal PartsMachine Design (Paulsen was Director of Applications Engineering at Xometry) · 2017 Read: 2026-10-31: opened the page (byline Greg Paulsen, 2017-09-22). Read the rules for bends, curls, countersinks, hems, holes and slots, notches and tabs, corner fillets and relief cuts. For research/process-profiles.yaml: opened the article (… | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| What are the thicknesses for your finishes? (FAQ)SendCutSend · 2025 Read: 2026-11-01: opened the FAQ (published 2023-04-26, modified 2025-12-04). Read the build-up per side: Type II anodise 0.0002–0.0009 in, zinc 0.0003 in, nickel 0.0002 in, powder 0.002–0.005 in. | Read source | read | unknown | not recorded | none stated | not assessed |
| 5 Ways to Reduce Costs on Sheet Metal FabricationXometry Cost-cutting tips for sheet metal: standard thickness and materials, fewer bends, bend radius at least thickness, nesting. Note: Snippet is a cross-source summary. unconfirmed Design bend radius at least equal to sheet thickness | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| 5052 H32 Aluminum Sheet MetalSendCutSend Material page for 5052-H32 with bend data; contents not shown. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| 7 Ways to Improve Sheet Metal PartsProtolabs Protolabs design tips for sheet metal parts; title only seen. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Aluminum 5052 vs 6061: Differences, Strength, Corrosion & Best UsesHmaking Comparison; 5052 favored for bending, 6061 for strength. Note: Aggregator-style supplier blog. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Analyzing the K-factor in sheet metal bendingThe Fabricator K-factor as starting value for bend allowance and bend deduction. Note: Snippet is intro only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Can SendCutSend bend parts with a custom bend radius?SendCutSend No custom bend radius; radius and K-factor fixed per material and thickness; use their specs or bending calculator. Note: FAQ; inside radius after 90 degree bend. unconfirmed We don't offer custom bend radii; use our specs | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Design Guide: Laser and Sheet CuttingXometry Xometry design guide for laser and sheet cutting; title only seen. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Designing for Online Sheet Metal Bending ServicesSendCutSend Bending design guidance from an online laser and bending service; snippet showed title only. Note: Content not shown; title-level read. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Designing Sheet Metal EnclosuresProtolabs Protolabs enclosure design tips; title only seen. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Do I need to compensate for kerf in my design?SendCutSend No kerf compensation needed in design; the service accounts for kerf on its end. Note: Short FAQ. unconfirmed You don't need to compensate for kerf; we account for it | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Guidelines for Hardware InsertionSendCutSend PEM hardware placement: minimum hole centre to edge or bend per SKU, hole-to-hole spacing, resized mount holes. Note: Values per SKU in catalog; check part. unconfirmed Catalog min hole centerline to edge or bend typically about 0.23 to 0.31 in | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| How to Reduce Sheet Metal Fabrication CostsGeomiq Geomiq article on lowering sheet metal fabrication cost; details not shown. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| ISO 2768 (Xometry)Xometry Xometry page on ISO 2768 general tolerances; appeared in results, content not shown in snippet. Note: Only title seen; content unconfirmed | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | CNC machiningGeneral DFMSheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| ISO 2768 general tolerances: tables, classes, statusWevolver Covers ISO 2768 classes f, m, c, v and geometric classes H, K, L. Note: Medium value differs by source unconfirmed Linear 6-30 mm: fine +/-0.1, medium +/-0.2, coarse +/-0.5 mm (one table). | Guide | snippet onlyAuthors' claim: numbers stated, not measured | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | CNC machiningSheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| OSH Cut Aluminum 5052-H32 bending termsOSH Cut OSH Cut material page for 5052-H32 with bending terms; contents not shown. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| OSH Cut Aluminum 6061-T6 bending termsOSH Cut OSH Cut material page for 6061-T6 with bending terms; contents not shown. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| PEM blind fastener bulletin B (Mouser copy)PennEngineering PEM (hosted copy) B-series blind fastener data including push-out and torque-out values in 5052 aluminum and steel sheet. Note: Table values not visible in snippet | Guide | snippet onlyAuthors' claim: numbers stated, not measured | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| PEM self-clinching blind fasteners B/BS datasheetPennEngineering (PEM) Catalog datasheet gives hole centre to edge and sheet hardness limits for self-clinching blind fasteners. Note: Per-part datasheet, not a design guide. unconfirmed Min hole C/L to edge .19 in; sheet hardness HRB 70 or less (#4-40 stainless) | Guide | snippet onlyAuthors' claim: numbers stated, not measured | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserInserts and fasteners | not assessed |
| Ponoko manufacturing standardsPonoko Laser metal machine tolerance and single-bend tolerance; metals auto-offset for kerf. Note: Rule values came via search summary. corroborated Machine tolerance +/-0.005 in; single-bend part bend to edge +/-0.015 in | Guide | snippet onlyAuthors' claim: numbers stated, not measured | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| POP Rivet Selection FactorsStanley Engineered Fastening Blind rivet selection: grip range, shear and tensile ratings, effect of oversize holes. Note: Snippet via summary unconfirmed Oversized hole lowers shear and tensile strength | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Inserts and fastenersSheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Protocase Tech TipsProtocase Index of tips: minimum bend dimensions, countersinking, gauge choice, ventilation, thermal. Note: Index only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Protolabs Design for Sheet Metal Fabrication ToolkitProtolabs Toolkit; flange length and hole-to-bend limits depend on material, thickness and bend radius. Note: Tables not visible in snippet. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Sheet metal bending design guidelines (PCBWay)PCBWay Vendor sheet metal bending guidelines; only title seen. Note: Content not visible in snippet | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Sheet Metal Design Basics, Mfgrobots precision enclosure bending and hole placementMfgrobots Hole near bend can distort within about 2.5x thickness plus bend radius. Note: Aggregator-style site. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Sheet Metal Fabrication Design GuideGeomiq Geomiq sheet metal design guide; title only seen. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Sheet Metal Laser Cutting Tolerances: Complete GuideFabcon Laser cutting tolerances; cites ISO 9013 as the governing standard. Note: Shop blog; figures via summary. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Step By Step Guide To Sheet Metal BendingSendCutSend Step-by-step bending guide; snippets cite minimum flange and fixed per-material bend radius and K-factor. Note: Snippet came via search summary, not page text. corroborated Minimum flange 0.500 in or 4x material thickness, whichever is greater | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Waterjet cutting design guidelinesSendCutSend Minimum hole or cutout size for waterjet varies with material thickness and type. Note: Snippet gave no numbers. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
| Xometry tolerances of machined and sheet metal partsXometry Knowledge-base article on tolerances of machined and sheet metal parts; no figures seen. Note: Title-level read only. | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laserGeneral DFM | not assessed |
| YouCanNotUnfoldalexneufeld (GitHub) Fast robust sheet metal unfolding tools for FreeCAD. Note: LGPL-2.1, 22 stars, last push 2026-10-09 | Guide | snippet only | low 0.4 | proprietarynot read | Sheet metal and laser | not assessed |
Role is the survey's judgement of a record within its class (leader, reference, lessons, context): not a quality grade. A single source, a search snippet, or untested judgement is what “low” means.