{
  "schema": "cad-agent-references/1",
  "built": "2026-11-04T22:52:31-08:00",
  "revision": "3a4ec137a2a7cf52fa6072b5bc81b7e320d49701",
  "area": {
    "slug": "design-process",
    "title": "Design process",
    "domain": "practice",
    "scope": "Requirements and the dossier that holds them, integrity gates and section reviews, through to release."
  },
  "fields": {
    "status": "`source`: read, with a dated `verified` note, and may be cited. `catalogued`: listed from a survey and not yet read; never cite one",
    "kind": "what the source is (research/references/vocab.yaml `kind`); a read source from before schema 2 has none",
    "evidence_class": "its rung on the evidence ladder, lowest first: snippet-only, read, verified-at-source, encoded, measured",
    "confidence": "#143: {level, estimate, sources}, derived from the evidence; `unknown` when the record has no evidence block",
    "licence": "{spdx, class, read, note}: `read: false` means the licence text was not read, only stated by the survey",
    "placed": "the docs/areas.yaml areas the record is listed in (`unplaced` when its areas match none)",
    "placed_note": "its row on the site, which [ref:<id>] in any page links to, is /references/<first placed area>#<id>",
    "vocab": "every coded value is explained in research/references/vocab.yaml"
  },
  "index": "https://cad-agent.valpatel.com/catalog/references/index.json",
  "count": 34,
  "coverage": [
    {
      "id": "ca-11b-tolerance-stack-up-worst-case-rss",
      "number": "11b",
      "topic": "Tolerance stack-up (worst case, RSS)",
      "status": "missing",
      "areas": [
        "design-process"
      ],
      "where": "none; planned as T19 stackup.py in docs/design-process-plan.md:472; process tolerance bands exist via process.py profile.tolerance (fdm-tolerance-desktop-hubs profile:404)",
      "defaults": "FDM +/-max(0.5% L, 0.5 mm) desktop, max(0.15% L, 0.2) industrial; CNC/SLA/SLS/MJF bands per source",
      "sources": "Hubs, Xometry, Protolabs, Formlabs (band rules)",
      "gap": "No loop-sum helper: worst-case and RSS over a named direction, Cpk, tolerance-class defaults; src/cadagent/review/dossier/stackup.py does not exist.",
      "draft_issue": {
        "title": "Implement tolerance stack-up helper (worst case and RSS)",
        "body": "Per-process tolerance bands are stored but never summed. Build review/dossier/stackup.py per design-process-plan T19: loop along a direction, worst-case and RSS, flag when only RSS passes (Wevolver four +/-0.05 parts: 0.20 vs 0.10).",
        "posted": false
      },
      "placed": [
        "design-process"
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "ca-12-cost-drivers-and-process-break-even",
      "number": "12",
      "topic": "Cost drivers and process break-even",
      "status": "missing",
      "areas": [
        "design-process"
      ],
      "where": "only mechanical/sheet_hardware.py:148 cost (bought hardware packs); CNC cost tip rules (cnc-tolerance-cost-hubs, cnc-cavity-depth-tool-hubs) as data",
      "defaults": "Hardware pack prices only; no per-part or tooling cost numbers",
      "sources": "McMaster/PEM offers in research/sheet-hardware.yaml",
      "gap": "No cost model: setup vs unit cost, tooling amortisation, FDM-vs-MJF-vs-CNC-vs-moulding break-even quantity, cost multipliers (tight tolerance, deep pocket).",
      "draft_issue": {
        "title": "Add process cost estimator and break-even helper",
        "body": "Only bought-hardware cost exists. Add a coarse model (setup, unit, tooling, tolerance multiplier) with quantity break-even between FDM/MJF, CNC, sheet metal and injection moulding, flagged as an estimate with cited vendor guides.",
        "posted": false
      },
      "placed": [
        "design-process"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "records": [
    {"id":"jawstec-why-heat-set-insert-specifications-need-scrutiny","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Jawstec: Why Heat-Set Insert Specifications Need Scrutiny","authors":[],"org":"Jawstec","year":null,"url":"https://www.jawstec.com/?p=76921","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["threaded-inserts","design-process"],"processes":["inserts","general"],"process_groups":["inserts","general"],"evidence":{"class":"read","numbers":"none","tested":"no","authority":"aggregator"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"verified":"2026-11-04: opened the article (2026-09-04; the old ?p= link now redirects to its slug); read it whole. It retells CNC Kitchen's tests and gives no numbers of its own.","summary":"Retells CNC Kitchen's insert tests: oversized holes lose pull-out, undersized ones are hard to install and may crack; size the hole for your insert and material and test it. No numbers.","used_for":[],"status":"source","evidence_class":"read","placed":["fasteners-and-hardware","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-inserts.yaml"},
    {"id":"xometry-3d-printing-vs-injection-molding-breakeven-xometry","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"3D Printing vs Injection Molding Breakeven (Xometry)","authors":[],"org":"Xometry","year":null,"url":"https://xometry.com/blog/3d-printing-vs-injection-molding-breakeven","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["moulded-part-design","design-process"],"processes":["injection","general"],"process_groups":["mould","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Breakeven comparison of printing against moulding by volume; only title seen in results. Note: Content unseen; sibling sources put breakeven at 200-2,000 units.","used_for":[],"imported":"88683a7b649aadea","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["mould-design","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-mould.yaml"},
    {"id":"xometry-5-easy-ways-to-reduce-3d-printing-costs-xometry","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"5 Easy Ways to Reduce 3D Printing Costs (Xometry)","authors":[],"org":"Xometry","year":null,"url":"https://www.xometry.com/resources/3d-printing/5-easy-ways-to-reduce-3d-printing-costs/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Cost levers: machine time and material; smaller size, FDM infill, fewer supports, self-supporting angles near 45 degrees. Note: Qualitative; angle rule from combined search summary.","used_for":[],"imported":"429c48a78ff701a5","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"ctu-prague-course-notes-ashby-materials-selection-method","kind":"paper","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Ashby materials selection method (CVUT course PDF)","authors":[],"org":"CTU Prague course notes","year":null,"url":"https://users.fs.cvut.cz/libor.benes/vyuka/engineeringmaterials/ASHBY%20METHOD%20_%20SM_2.1.pdf","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"some","tested":"no","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Ashby charts: modulus vs density, strength vs density, and performance indices for light stiff design. Note: Lecture notes; CES EduPack and Ashby's book are primary","used_for":[],"imported":"f1b06b274240af04","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"sfs-standards-store-asme-y14-5-2018-dimensioning-and","kind":"standard","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"ASME Y14.5-2018 dimensioning and tolerancing","authors":[],"org":"SFS standards store","year":null,"url":"https://store.sfs.fi/en/asme-y145-2018","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process","cnc-machining"],"processes":["general","cnc-mill"],"process_groups":["general","cnc"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"US GD&T standard covering datums, form, orientation, position, profile and runout. Note: Store listing; full text paid","used_for":[],"imported":"626a2f60894481d2","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process","cnc-machining"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"nsk-bearing-shaft-and-housing-tolerance-nsk-technical","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Bearing shaft and housing tolerance (NSK Technical Insight)","authors":[],"org":"NSK","year":null,"url":"https://nsk.com/content/dam/nsk/eu/en_gb/documents/P_TI-0001_EN.pdf","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"some","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"claims":[{"text":"Keep max interference below about 7/10,000 of shaft diameter (Americas insight)","status":"unconfirmed","evidence":"No second source checked."}],"summary":"Fit guidance: heavier loads need more interference; avoid tight outer-ring fit in split housings. Note: Figure from a related NSK insight page","used_for":[],"imported":"2e585131cfccb2fb","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"boothroyd-dewhurst-inc-boothroyd-dewhurst-dfma-presentation","kind":"paper","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Boothroyd Dewhurst DFMA presentation (Dewhurst, DFMA forum 2019)","authors":[],"org":"Boothroyd Dewhurst Inc.","year":null,"url":"https://www.dfma.com/forum/2019pdf/dewhurstpres.pdf","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"some","tested":"unknown","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"DFMA method from its originators; part-count reduction and assembly time estimation. Note: Seen as search result only; content not read","used_for":[],"imported":"a896354f0e42b132","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"meadiode-cq-gears","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"cq_gears","authors":[],"org":"meadiode (GitHub)","year":null,"url":"https://github.com/meadiode/cq_gears","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"unknown","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"CadQuery-based parametric involute gear modelling. Note: Apache-2.0, 166 stars, last push 2024-12-27","used_for":[],"imported":"9878170d1bb5ec2c","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"sinterit-design-tips-for-sls-3d-printing-wall-thickness","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Design Tips for SLS 3D Printing wall thickness (Sinterit)","authors":[],"org":"Sinterit","year":null,"url":"https://www.sinterit.com/3d-printing-guide/design-for-3d-printing/wall-thickness-3d-print/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["resin-and-powder","design-process"],"processes":["sls","general"],"process_groups":["print","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"unknown","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Printer-maker guide page on wall thickness across processes; contents not shown. Note: Only title and URL seen.","used_for":[],"imported":"3f5f78b763fa40a5","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["3d-printing","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-print.yaml"},
    {"id":"artprinting3d-web-dfm-check","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"dfm-check","authors":[],"org":"artprinting3d-web (GitHub)","year":null,"url":"https://github.com/artprinting3d-web/dfm-check","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["fdm","circuit-boards","design-process"],"processes":["fdm","pcb","general"],"process_groups":["print","pcb","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"unknown","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"DFM review as CI: meshes, OpenSCAD, CadQuery, KiCad and Klipper configs, findings cited to rule ids. Note: MIT, 0 stars, last push 2026-08-28; unproven","used_for":[],"imported":"3e8159d766c5ee5c","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["3d-printing","circuit-boards","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-print.yaml"},
    {"id":"wevolver-dfma-explained-wevolver","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"DFMA explained (Wevolver)","authors":[],"org":"Wevolver","year":null,"url":"https://www.wevolver.com/article/dfma-design-for-manufacturing-and-assembly-explained","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"some","tested":"no","authority":"aggregator"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"claims":[{"text":"Published DFMA results: 20-50% fewer parts, 15-40% lower product cost (secondary).","status":"unconfirmed","evidence":"No second source checked."}],"summary":"DFMA overview: theoretical minimum part count Nmin, 2.93 s ideal assembly time per part, typical savings. Note: Secondary figures; primary source not found","used_for":[],"imported":"ef3eda4e98856fee","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"dupont-general-design-principles-for-engineering-polymers","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"DuPont General Design Principles for Engineering Polymers (mirror)","authors":[],"org":"DuPont (Stellenbosch-hosted copy)","year":null,"url":"https://academic.sun.ac.za/mad/catalogs/dfmguidelines/dupontgeneraldesignprinciples.pdf","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["moulded-part-design","design-process"],"processes":["injection","general"],"process_groups":["mould","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"unknown","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"DuPont general design principles for engineering polymers; only the title appeared in results. Note: Third-party hosted; content unseen.","used_for":[],"imported":"7cf6e51ed12b67b8","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["mould-design","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-mould.yaml"},
    {"id":"looooo-freecad-gears","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"freecad.gears","authors":[],"org":"looooo (GitHub)","year":null,"url":"https://github.com/looooo/freecad.gears","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"unknown","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Gear module for FreeCAD. Note: GPL-3.0, 366 stars, last push 2026-09-15","used_for":[],"imported":"f0dfcdafe57a4d51","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"sae-international-fundamentals-of-gd-and-t-asme-y14-5-2018","kind":"standard","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Fundamentals of GD&T ASME Y14.5-2018 Foundational Level","authors":[],"org":"SAE International","year":null,"url":"https://saemobilus.sae.org/content/ET2150/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"SAE training course on Y14.5-2018 GD&T basics; paid course listing. Note: Course listing, not a free guide","used_for":[],"imported":"eca330bb01b54d32","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"wikipedia-geometric-dimensioning-and-tolerancing-wikipedia","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (Wikipedia)","authors":[],"org":"Wikipedia","year":null,"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_dimensioning_and_tolerancing","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"no","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Defines datum features, position, form controls at overview level. Note: Encyclopedic overview","used_for":[],"imported":"378f4d05659a9a86","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"ssab-hardox-plasma-cutting-guide-ssab","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Hardox plasma/cutting guide (SSAB)","authors":[],"org":"SSAB","year":null,"url":"https://www.ssab.com/-/media/90c540b6d47f4c05b256929d4d1821d6.ashx","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"claimed","tested":"unknown","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"claims":[{"text":"Plasma kerf roughly 2-6.5 mm; HAZ 2-5 mm","status":"unconfirmed","evidence":"No second source checked."}],"summary":"Plasma kerf about 2 to 6.5 mm, HAZ 2 to 5 mm, tolerance about +/-1 mm; for thick plate. Note: Hardox plate focus; poor fit for thin plates.","used_for":[],"imported":"5e693027d051b161","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"batterydesign-net-iec-62133-2-safety-of-portable-sealed","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"IEC 62133-2 safety of portable sealed lithium cells","authors":[],"org":"batterydesign.net","year":null,"url":"https://www.batterydesign.net/legislation-rules-and-regulations/iec-62133-2/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"no","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Lithium cell and battery safety requirements: overcharge, short circuit, forced discharge, mechanical and temperature tests. Note: Site has claims conflicting with publisher listings; use IEC text","used_for":[],"imported":"72b71f6becfa3cd5","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"xometry-iso-2768-xometry","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"ISO 2768 (Xometry)","authors":[],"org":"Xometry","year":null,"url":"https://www.xometry.com/resources/certifications/iso-2768","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["cnc-machining","design-process","sheet-metal"],"processes":["cnc-mill","cnc-turn","general","sheet"],"process_groups":["cnc","general","sheet"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Xometry page on ISO 2768 general tolerances; appeared in results, content not shown in snippet. Note: Only title seen; content unconfirmed","used_for":[],"imported":"724377acbf285d17","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["cnc-machining","design-process","sheet-metal"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-cnc.yaml"},
    {"id":"machining-doctor-iso-286-limits-and-fits-h7-g6-machining","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"ISO 286 limits and fits: H7/g6 (Machining Doctor)","authors":[],"org":"Machining Doctor","year":null,"url":"https://www.machiningdoctor.com/?p=11834","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["cnc-machining","design-process"],"processes":["cnc-mill","cnc-turn","general"],"process_groups":["cnc","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"claimed","tested":"no","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"claims":[{"text":"Dia 25 H7/g6 clearance 7-41 um; H7/p6 interference about 1-35 um.","status":"unconfirmed","evidence":"No second source checked."}],"summary":"ISO 286 fit explanation: H7/g6 sliding clearance; H7/p6 and r6 interference. Note: Calculator pages; some errors seen across sources","used_for":[],"imported":"46cd8cc42dd60650","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["cnc-machining","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-cnc.yaml"},
    {"id":"scc-iso-astm-52900-2021-additive-manufacturing-vocabulary","kind":"standard","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"ISO/ASTM 52900:2021 additive manufacturing vocabulary","authors":[],"org":"SCC (Standards Council of Canada) listing","year":null,"url":"https://scc-ccn.ca/standardsdb/standards/8167516","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["fdm","resin-and-powder","3d-printing","design-process"],"processes":["fdm","sla","sls","mjf","metal-am","general"],"process_groups":["print","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Current AM terminology standard from ISO/TC 261 and ASTM F42; 2015 edition withdrawn. Note: Catalogue listing; full text paid","used_for":[],"imported":"10ec8c39182f3c03","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["3d-printing","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-print.yaml"},
    {"id":"matweb-nylon-6-carbon-fiber-filled-group","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"MatWeb Nylon 6 carbon fiber filled group","authors":[],"org":"MatWeb","year":null,"url":"https://www.matweb.com/Search/MaterialGroupSearch.aspx?GroupID=17","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["fdm","design-process"],"processes":["fdm","general"],"process_groups":["print","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"claimed","tested":"unknown","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Material property database; group index of nylon 6 grades incl. carbon fiber filled from RTP and Techmer. Note: Index only seen; property values not in snippet","used_for":[],"imported":"13f79bb86e8d85d5","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["3d-printing","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-print.yaml"},
    {"id":"formlabs-minimum-wall-thickness-for-3d-printing-formlabs","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Minimum Wall Thickness for 3D Printing (Formlabs blog)","authors":[],"org":"Formlabs","year":null,"url":"https://formlabs.com/eu/blog/minimum-wall-thickness-3d-printing/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process","fdm","resin-and-powder"],"processes":["general","fdm","sla","sls"],"process_groups":["general","print"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"unknown","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Blog on minimum wall thickness across printing processes; only title seen in results. Note: Only title and URL appeared; content not shown.","used_for":[],"imported":"3cf6d79b6c7889e6","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process","3d-printing"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"protolabs-3d-printing-cost","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Protolabs: 3D Printing Cost","authors":[],"org":"Protolabs","year":null,"url":"https://www.protolabs.com/resources/design-tips/3d-printing-cost/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Explains cost drivers of 3D printing; advice includes adding material only where critical. Note: Page text mostly not visible.","used_for":[],"imported":"af6af0a96a709fb9","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"protolabs-6-ways-to-cut-costs-with-industrial-3d-printing","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Protolabs: 6 Ways to Cut Costs with Industrial 3D Printing","authors":[],"org":"Protolabs","year":null,"url":"https://www.protolabs.com/resources/design-tips/cutting-costs-with-industrial-3d-printing/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process","resin-and-powder","3d-printing"],"processes":["general","sls","mjf","metal-am"],"process_groups":["general","print"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Cost-cutting design tips; orientation changes can shorten builds, less material means lower cost. Note: Qualitative advice only.","used_for":[],"imported":"b335c7b2cdb1f06d","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process","3d-printing"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"protolabs-7-mistakes-to-avoid-when-designing-3d-printed","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Protolabs: 7 Mistakes to Avoid When Designing 3D Printed Parts","authors":[],"org":"Protolabs","year":null,"url":"https://protolabs.com/resources/design-tips/7-mistakes-to-avoid-when-designing-3d-printed-parts","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"some","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Design mistakes list; notes warpage risk rises as thickness nears minimum feature size. Note: Cost content not confirmed from snippet.","used_for":[],"imported":"1335fecaee787e3e","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"protolabs-understanding-3d-printing-tolerances","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Protolabs: Understanding 3D Printing Tolerances","authors":[],"org":"Protolabs","year":null,"url":"https://www.protolabs.com/resources/design-tips/3d-printing-tolerances/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process","fdm","resin-and-powder","3d-printing"],"processes":["general","fdm","sls","sla","metal-am"],"process_groups":["general","print"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"unknown","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Protolabs design tip on 3D printing tolerances by process; only title appeared in results. Note: No numbers visible in snippet.","used_for":[],"imported":"23d66bbfbb352efd","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process","3d-printing"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"formlabs-race-to-1-000-parts-3d-printing-vs-injection","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Race to 1,000 Parts: 3D Printing vs. Injection Molding","authors":[],"org":"Formlabs","year":null,"url":"https://formlabs.com/global/blog/race-to-1000-parts-3d-printing-injection-molding/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["moulded-part-design","design-process"],"processes":["injection","general"],"process_groups":["mould","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"claimed","tested":"yes","authority":"independent-tested"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"claims":[{"text":"Breakeven 13,050 parts at $3,600 tooling; bulk resin could push it past 40,000","status":"unconfirmed","evidence":"Other sources: breakeven formula example ~1,216 units, ~70,000 in a research example, 1,000-10,000 rule of thumb; scenario-specific, no match to 13,050 apart from Formlabs."}],"summary":"Worked cost model: one part with a $3,600 tool, breakeven versus printing, with resin purchase sensitivity. Note: Vendor selling printers; single-part case.","used_for":[],"imported":"75cb697afd24ea44","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["mould-design","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-mould.yaml"},
    {"id":"university-of-washington-scholz-tolerance-stack-up-analysis","kind":"paper","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Scholz: Tolerance stack-up analysis (Boeing review, UW copy)","authors":[],"org":"University of Washington (F. Scholz, Boeing)","year":null,"url":"https://faculty.washington.edu/fscholz/DATAFILES498B2008/TOLSTACK.pdf","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"claimed","tested":"no","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Rigorous review of arithmetic and statistical stack-up methods and their assumptions. Note: Only table of contents seen","used_for":[],"imported":"8f8ecc45bfed808a","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"nsk-shaft-and-housing-fits-nsk-technical-report-3","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Shaft and housing fits (NSK Technical Report 3)","authors":[],"org":"NSK","year":null,"url":"https://nsk.com/kr/services/technicalreport/03fitting.html","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"claimed","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Bearing fitting practice: required interference, temperature effects incl. aluminum and plastic housings. Note: Only table of contents seen","used_for":[],"imported":"ab082f69f295e4ac","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"skf-shaft-and-housing-fits-skf-catalog-excerpt","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Shaft and housing fits (SKF catalog excerpt)","authors":[],"org":"SKF","year":null,"url":"https://cdn.skfmediahub.skf.com/api/public/0941f795342272f4/pdf_preview_medium/0941f795342272f4_pdf_preview_medium.pdf","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"claimed","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Tables for shaft and housing fit selection of metric radial bearings; clearance versus interference depends on which ring rotates. Note: Table values not visible in snippet","used_for":[],"imported":"b255be1cef6d2881","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"slehmann1-tol-ninja","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Tol-Ninja","authors":[],"org":"slehmann1 (GitHub)","year":null,"url":"https://github.com/slehmann1/Tol-Ninja","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"none","tested":"unknown","authority":"reference"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Tolerance stackup analysis software. Note: MIT, 9 stars, last push 2022-06-18; stale","used_for":[],"imported":"926ddf41c497c0df","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"wevolver-tolerance-stack-up-analysis-worst-case-vs-rss","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Tolerance stack-up analysis: worst case vs RSS (Wevolver)","authors":[],"org":"Wevolver","year":null,"url":"https://www.wevolver.com/article/tolerance-stack-up-analysis-worst-case-vs-rss-methods","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process"],"processes":["general"],"process_groups":["general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"some","tested":"no","authority":"aggregator"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"claims":[{"text":"Four +/-0.05 mm parts: worst case +/-0.20 mm; RSS about +/-0.10 mm (4 parts).","status":"corroborated","evidence":"3DCS and ASM give worst-case n x T and RSS ~ sqrt(n) x T; for 4 x 0.05 mm that is 0.20 and 0.10 mm (my arithmetic from their formulas,"}],"summary":"Worst-case versus RSS stack-up methods and when to use each. Note: Search summary flagged an arithmetic slip in a related example","used_for":[],"imported":"befd537349fe17ed","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"},
    {"id":"xometry-tolerances-of-machined-and-sheet-metal-parts","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Xometry tolerances of machined and sheet metal parts","authors":[],"org":"Xometry","year":null,"url":"https://community.xometry.com/kb/articles/728-tolerances-of-machined-and-sheet-metal-parts","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["sheet-metal","design-process"],"processes":["sheet","general"],"process_groups":["sheet","general"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"unknown","tested":"unknown","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"summary":"Knowledge-base article on tolerances of machined and sheet metal parts; no figures seen. Note: Title-level read only.","used_for":[],"imported":"cedf50c9c52be6da","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["sheet-metal","design-process"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-sheet.yaml"},
    {"id":"xometry-injection-molding-vs-3d-printing-break-even","kind":"guide","category":"manufacturing-guides","title":"Xometry: injection molding vs 3D printing break-even","authors":[],"org":"Xometry","year":null,"url":"https://www.xometry.com/resources/3d-printing/3d-printing-vs-injection-molding-breakeven/","access":"free","terms":"cited and summarised, never copied","licence":{"spdx":null,"class":"proprietary","read":false,"note":"A publisher's page; its terms were not read. Cited, never copied."},"reuse":{"text":"cite-only","geometry":"none"},"areas":["design-process","moulded-part-design","fdm"],"processes":["general","injection","fdm"],"process_groups":["general","mould","print"],"evidence":{"class":"snippet-only","numbers":"some","tested":"no","authority":"primary"},"confidence":{"level":"low","estimate":0.4,"sources":1},"claims":[{"text":"Break-even qty = mold cost / (alt cost per part - molded cost per part).","status":"unconfirmed","evidence":"No second source checked."}],"summary":"Break-even of printing versus molding by volume; sources quote 250-2000 parts but vary widely. Note: Vendor snippet; break-even range differs by source","used_for":[],"imported":"320e10ca22b2b9f8","status":"catalogued","evidence_class":"snippet-only","placed":["design-process","mould-design","3d-printing"],"source_file":"research/references/guides-general.yaml"}
  ]
}